Possible Complications of Jaw Surgery: What You Should Know

Jaw surgery, also known as orthognathic surgery, is a transformative procedure designed to correct misalignment, improve facial aesthetics, and enhance oral function. While this surgery has a high success rate, like any surgical procedure, it carries certain risks and potential complications.

If you are considering Jaw Surgery in Islamabad, it’s essential to understand the possible complications, how they occur, and what can be done to manage or prevent them. In this comprehensive guide, we will discuss the most common and rare complications associated with jaw surgery.

1. Swelling & Bruising

Why It Happens:

Swelling and bruising are normal post-surgical responses due to tissue trauma and fluid accumulation. Swelling is most pronounced within the first 48-72 hours but gradually subsides over a few weeks.

How to Manage It:

✔ Use Ice Packs – Apply ice packs during the first 48 hours to minimize swelling.✔ Sleep with Your Head Elevated – This prevents excessive fluid buildup.✔ Avoid Strenuous Activities – Physical exertion can worsen swelling.

2. Infection

Why It Happens:

Infections may occur if bacteria enter the surgical site. While antibiotics are prescribed to prevent infections, poor oral hygiene can increase the risk.

Signs of Infection:

• Persistent swelling, redness, or warmth around the jaw.

• Pus discharge from the incision site.

• Fever above 101°F (38.3°C).

How to Prevent It:

✔ Take Prescribed Antibiotics – Complete the full course.✔ Use Antiseptic Mouthwash – Helps maintain oral hygiene.✔ Avoid Touching the Surgical Site – Reduces bacterial exposure.

3. Nerve Damage & Numbness

Why It Happens:

Jaw surgery involves working near sensitive nerves, particularly in the lower jaw. Temporary numbness or tingling in the lips, chin, and cheeks is common but usually resolves within a few weeks to months.

How to Handle It:

✔ Be Patient – Nerve healing is a slow process but usually resolves over time.✔ Take Vitamin B12 – Supports nerve regeneration.✔ Massage the Affected Area – Stimulates circulation and healing.

4. Jaw Stiffness & Limited Mobility

Why It Happens:

Post-surgical swelling and muscle tension restrict jaw movement. Most patients experience temporary stiffness, which improves with time.

How to Improve Mobility:

✔ Perform Jaw Exercises – Helps restore flexibility once approved by your doctor.✔ Use Warm Compresses – Reduces muscle stiffness.✔ Stick to a Soft Diet – Avoids unnecessary strain on the jaw.

5. Relapse (Jaw Shifting Back to Its Original Position)

Why It Happens:

In some cases, the jaw may gradually shift back to its previous position. This is known as relapse, and it occurs if:

• Bone does not heal properly.

• Muscle memory pulls the jaw back into its previous alignment.

• Patients do not follow post-op care instructions.

How to Prevent It:

✔ Follow Your Orthodontist’s Instructions – Wear retainers or braces as advised.✔ Maintain a Soft Diet Initially – Prevents unnecessary strain.✔ Attend Regular Checkups – Helps monitor healing progress.

6. Difficulty Eating & Speaking

Why It Happens:

After jaw surgery, eating and speaking may become challenging due to swelling, pain, and limited mobility.

How to Manage It:

✔ Stick to a Liquid & Soft Food Diet – Mashed potatoes, smoothies, soups, and yogurt are good options.✔ Practice Slow Speech – Helps regain articulation.✔ Use a Straw or Feeding Syringe – Makes drinking easier if the jaw is wired shut.

7. Excessive Bleeding

Why It Happens:

Mild bleeding is normal after jaw surgery, but excessive or prolonged bleeding can be a concern. It may occur if blood vessels are affected during surgery or if the patient engages in strenuous activities too soon.

How to Control Bleeding:

✔ Bite on Gauze – Helps clot formation.✔ Avoid Hot Foods & Drinks – Heat can dilate blood vessels, leading to more bleeding.✔ Keep Your Head Elevated – Reduces blood flow to the surgical site.

8. TMJ (Temporomandibular Joint) Issues

Why It Happens:

Some patients may experience jaw joint pain or clicking sounds after surgery due to stress on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

How to Handle It:

✔ Apply Warm Compresses – Relieves joint stiffness.✔ Use a Night Guard (If Recommended) – Prevents teeth grinding.✔ Perform Jaw Stretching Exercises – Helps restore movement.

9. Scarring (Internal or External)

Why It Happens:

Most jaw surgeries are performed inside the mouth, so scarring is usually not visible. However, in rare cases, external incisions may be required.

How to Minimize Scarring:

✔ Follow Proper Wound Care Instructions – Helps prevent infection and poor healing.✔ Use Scar Creams (If Recommended) – Helps reduce visible marks.✔ Massage the Area Gently – Improves circulation and healing.

10. Psychological & Emotional Effects

Why It Happens:

Patients may feel emotional distress during recovery, especially if they experience temporary speech difficulties, changes in appearance, or dietary restrictions.

How to Cope:

✔ Stay Patient & Positive – Healing takes time, but results are worth it.✔ Seek Support – Talk to friends, family, or join online forums.✔ Consult a Therapist if Needed – Helps manage anxiety or emotional distress.

Final Thoughts

Jaw surgery is a life-changing procedure, but it’s important to be aware of potential complications to ensure a safe and smooth recovery. While most side effects are temporary, understanding how to manage them can help reduce discomfort and speed up healing.

If you’re considering jaw surgery in Islamabad, choosing a skilled surgeon and an experienced clinic is crucial for minimizing risks and ensuring the best results. At Dynamic Clinic, expert surgeons provide comprehensive care, personalized treatment plans, and expert post-op guidance to ensure your jaw surgery experience is smooth and successful.